Safety by-pass device for gas-burners.



Patented Nov. 25, I902. J. VAILLANT; SAFETY'BY-PASS DEVICE FOR GASBUBNERS.

ov. a, 1901.

(Application file low, and in cases Where the supply of gas 5 alight. i

UNITED STATES ATENT OFFIcE.

JOHANN VAlLLANT, OF REMSCHEID, GERMANY.

SAFETY BY-PASS I JEVICE FO R GAS-BURNERS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent 714,265, dated November 25,1902. Application filed November 5, 1901. Serial No. 81,198. (No model.)

To aZZ whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, JOHANN VAILLANT, a subject of the German Emperor,residing at 13 Berghauser street,Remscheid, in the Province of theRhine, Kingdom of Prussia, Germany, have invented a certain newanduseful Improvement in Safety By-Pass Devices for Gas-Burners, ofwhich the following is a specification, reference being bad therein tothe accompanying drawings.

In connection with by-passes as at present used for heating,illuminating, and other gas services it is possible for seriousaccidents to arise should such by pass become extinguished, as then anescape of gas would folmay be regulated by a tap or cock at a distancetherefrom said extinguishing of the bypass flame may not be known to theoperator until an explosion occurs; and to provide means to prevent suchaccidents is the object and purpose of my invention, which consists ofthe constructionand use of a device by means of which the gas can onlyissue from the burner or burners when the by-pass is Figure 1 is avertical section of my invention according to one form of construction,

while Fig. 2 illustrates an alternative form'of utilizing the heat fromthe by-pass for safety purposes, though both are based upon the sameprinciple of action, and in which for purposes of illustration it isassumed that my invention is employed in connection with stoves or otherheating devices in which a series of holes in alinement or other form orforms exist, from which the gas or gas mixdrawingsby a, suitable meansbeing provided ture escapes and is ignited. The tubes in which isprovided such series of holes or igniting part or parts are representedin the by which this may be connected to my invention.

ln carrying my invention into effect I cast or otherwise provide of anysuitable metal or material a device having a tubular portion with andoutside of e, and above these is placed an inverted bell having twomouths p and 19, respectively, the former of which dips into the grooveor well e and the latter into the groove or well 6. The casing of thedevice is also constructed to form around the vertical portion of thetube a a chamber 0, having an inletmouth c, to which is connected agas-supply pipe 0 governed by a suitable tap or valve g, from which gasis allowed to enter into the chamber 0, and beyond the said tap or valve9 a gas-conduit b is provided, which supplies gas to a by-pass burner 19in the usual way.

The annular grooves or wells e and e may bev charged with water,mercury, or other fluid, so that while the mouths e and e of thebell-valve d dip thereinto a seal is thereby formed and gas cannot passfrom 0 into a to feed the burners a. The said bell-valve is connected toa vertical rod f, adapted to slide in a vertical passage formed in thecover f of the case or frame, so that the said bellvalve 01 may rise andfall in the chamber'r. Rod f carries an arm k, in the free end whereofis a suitable hole in which may freely slide a vertical rod l, jagged,threaded, or otherwise irregnlarly formed at its lower end Z, which dipsinto a chamber h, partially filled with any suitable substance orcompound that will set hard when cold and fluidize when hot-such, forinstance, as crude paraffin of other wax, lead, pewter, &c. The saidchamber h is constructed to form or has connected thereto a horizontalprojection i, which extends over the by-pass burner 12 and may be heatedthereby.

To close the apparatus from work, downward pressure may be exerted uponthe rod f until the bell-valve is in its lowest position, with itsmouths e e dipping into the seals in the grooves or Wells 19 p, when ifthe gas be turned off at the by-pass burner until the substance in h issufficiently cold to retain the rod Z such pressure off may be released,as the bell-valve would be prevented from rising by the hold of the rod1 upon arm 75, connected to the rod 1.

When the apparatus is to be placed in a position for working, theby-pass burner b may be lighted, which would make hot the projection 1',and the heat conveyed from this to the chamber h would fiuidize thesubstance or compound therein and so release the rod Z. If now gas beturned on at the valve or tap g, the pressure from this would raise thebellvalve into the chamber 7", and the rising of this would cause thearm 70 to lift the now released rod Z, and such rising of the bell-valvewould cause its mouths p p to be lifted out of the fluid in the groovesor wells 6 6, when gas would pass to the burners a in the direction ofthe arrows and there be lighted by the by-pass burner b. When theheating apparatus or the like is done with, this may be extinguished byturning off the gas at g, which may be any distance away, the by-passburner 17 still remaining alight until when required, and such turningoff of the gas at g would remove the pressure and allow the bell-mouthedvalve to fall into its grooves or wells 6 6' again and the rod Z intoits lowest position in the melted substance in It.

Now in ordinary apparatus when the heating-burner a is a long distancefrom the tap or cook g if the by-pass light should be accidentally orspontaneously extinguished gas would escape from the burners a when nextthe gas was turned on at g and an explosion probably ensue; butaccording to my invention if such by-pass light should be soextinguished when the gas was turned off at g the projection t' andchamber h would get cold and the substance or compound in the lattersolidify, thus retaining in captivity the rod Z, so that the bell-valvebeing thereby held with its mouthp p sealed in the grooves or wells 6 8gas when turned on at g would not pass such seal to enter the passage auntil the bypass burner was again lighted and the chamber it againheated. Hence the attainment of the object of my invention.

Fig. 2 illustrates an alternative arrangement of the chamber h and meansfor dispensing with the bell-valve. In this device it is assumed thatthe gas-tap g is vertically disposed and adjacent to the chamber h, sothat the lower end of said tap may have attached thereto or beconstructed to provide a depending pin 0 of triangular, rectangular, orpolygonal formation in cross-section and dips into the substance orcompound in h. The gas in this arrangement passes directly into thepassage a when the tap or cook g is tnrned on; but if, as previouslydescribed, the

by-pass light should become extinguished after turning off the gas at 9according to this device the solidifying of the substance or compound inh would hold the pin 0 and prevent the turning on or 0d of the gas at guntil the by-pass burner was again lighted.

What I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent,is-

1. In a safety by-pass device for gas-service burners, the combinationwith the gas-supply conduit, of a chamber containing a substance capableof liquefaction by heat, and serving by its change of state to controlthe movement of a valve, said valve governing the gassupply, and aby-pass burner, the latter being arranged to heat said chamber,substantially in the manner and for the purpose set forth.

2. In a safety by-pass device for gas-service burners, the combinationwith the gas-supply conduit, of a chamber containing a substance capableof liquefaction by heat, and serving by its change of state to controlthe movement of a valve, said valve governing the gassupply, a by-passburner, and a projection extending from said chamber to said by-passburner, said projection conveying the heat to said chamber,substantially in the manner and for the purpose set forth.

3. In a safety by-pass device for gas-service burners the combination ofa case or frame, a chamber therein, a gas-conduit, opening in saidchamber, and a cook or tap, governing said gas-conduit, a doublebell-valve for admitting gas into the conduit, grooves or wells for saidbell-valve forming a liquid seal by dipping into said grooves, achamber, a cover for said chamber, and a rod projecting through saidcover into said chamber and having attached to it said bell-valve,adapted to slide in said chamber, an arm carried by said rod, a rod orpin carried by said arm and a chamber charged with any suitablesubstance, capable of liquefaction by heat, said rod or pin dipping intosaid chamber, a projection extending from said chamber for conveyingheat thereto and a by-pass burner, heating said extension, allsubstantially as described.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

J OHANN VAILLANT. Witnesses:

ENGELBERT VOLMER, ERNST 'VEDTZ.

